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Physical and Life Sciences
Graphite enters different states of matter in ultrafast experiment
For the first time, scientists have seen an X-ray-irradiated mineral go to two different states of matter in about 40 femtoseconds (a femtosecond is one quadrillionth of a second). Using the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford, Stefan Hau-Riege of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and…
Lawrence Livermore work may improve the efficiency of the biofuel production cycle
By deciphering the makeup of a bacterium found in the soil of a tropical rain forest, scientists may have a better understanding of how to more efficiently produce biofuels. The production of liquid fuels derived from plant biomass offers a promising technology for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. While sugars stored within the plant cell…
Bone research paper selected for inclusion in the Faculty of 1000 database
A recent paper coauthored by Bioscience & Biotechnology Division researchers Nicole Collette and Gaby Loots has been evaluated and selected by the Faculty of 1000 (F1000). This places the work in the top 2 percent of published articles in biology and medicine. The paper was given a F1000 evaluation score of 10, the highest possible score, signifying a paper of…
Atmospheric warming altering ocean salinity and the water cycle
A clear change in salinity has been detected in the world's oceans, signaling shifts and acceleration in the global rainfall and evaporation cycle tied directly to climate change. In a paper published Friday (April 27) in the journal Science , Australian scientists from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and Lawrence Livermore National…
Caribbean coral reef decline predates climate change damage
The breakdown of Caribbean coral reef systems predates coral bleaching and disease linked to human-induced climate change. Researchers from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory reconstructed a timeline of historical change in coral reefs near Bocas del Toro in Panama and discovered that damage to the area was…
Surrogate nuclear reactions approach featured in Reviews of Modern Physics
Nuclear reaction cross sections are important for a variety of applications in the areas of astrophysics, nuclear energy, and national security. When these cross sections cannot be measured directly or predicted reliably, it becomes necessary to develop indirect methods for determining the relevant reaction rates, such as the surrogate nuclear reactions approach. This work…
Lab featured on NOVA's 'Hunting the Elements'
The Laboratory was recently featured on NOVA's "Hunting the Elements," a two-hour special from the producers of the "Making Stuff" series hosted by David Pogue, technology correspondent of The New York Times . Pogue spins viewers through the world of weird, extreme chemistry: the strongest acids, the deadliest poisons, the universe's most abundant elements, and the rarest…
The future of power
What is power, and how can the United States effectively project power in the information or cyber age? This was the focus of a recent lecture by Joseph Nye as part of a seminar series on U.S. foreign policy sponsored by the Center for Global Security Research. Nye has had a significant influence, stretching over more than 40 years, on how the U.S. thinks about foreign…
Shaughnessy inducted to Alameda County Women's Hall Of Fame
LIVERMORE, Calif. -- When it comes to heavy hitters, Dawn Shaughnessy is one of a few in a league of her own.As the group leader for experimental nuclear and radiochemistry and the principal investigator for the heavy element group at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Shaughnessy, along with her team, has discovered six new elements on the periodic table, the…
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory licenses microbial detection array advance to Missouri firm
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has licensed its microbial detection array technology to a St. Louis, Mo.-based company, MOgene LC, a supplier of DNA microarrays and instruments. Known formally as the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (LLMDA), the technology could enable food safety professionals, law enforcement, medical professionals and others to…
Lawrence Livermore teams with industry to advance energy technologies using high performance computing
LIVERMORE, Calif. -- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) today announced the selection of six industry projects for the advancement of energy technologies using high performance computing (HPC). Called the "hpc4energy incubator," this pilot program aims to innovate and accelerate the development of energy technology and boost U.S. economic competitiveness in the…
Barbee wins NRL award for publication of white dwarf research
Material scientist Troy Barbee is the most recent recipient of the Naval Research Laboratory's Alan Berman Research Publication Award for his work looking into the makeup of a white dwarf. The paper, which was the most recent paper stemming from a long history of collaboration between Barbee, researchers in the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) X-ray Astronomy Program and…
A new approach to predicting spacecraft re-entry
In mid-December 2011, the Laboratory received a call from the Air Force Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC). At the time, Laboratory scientists were working with JSpOC to upgrade their command and control software. But this call was about something very different. The Russians had launched a mission to Phobos, one of the moons of Mars, in early November, but it failed to…
Research explores applications for new field of electronics
By looking at the way electrons are excited, researchers can gain a better understanding of the new field of transparent electronics. Postdoc Andre Schleife, who works in the Lab's Quantum Simulations Group, developed a new approach to investigate the interplay of excitonic effects and electron doping. (In semiconductor production, doping intentionally introduces…
Lab co-sponsors North Dakota energy technology symposium
Tomas Diaz de la Rubia, the Lab's deputy director for Science and Technology, discussed Monday how high performance computer modeling and simulation can accelerate the development of clean energy technologies in a keynote address at North Dakota State University (NDSU) in Fargo, N.D. The Laboratory was a co-sponsor of the "North Dakota Energy Symposium: Using Technology to…
Wild salmon rare in the wild
Salmon in the wild may not be so wild after all. New research shows that there are so many hatchery-raised Chinook salmon spawning in the Mokelumne River that the wild fish are hardly wild at all. According to the new report, about 10 percent of the fall-run Chinook that spawn in the river are naturally born fish. If, as researchers suspect, this has been happening for…
Ten scientists named Distinguished Members of Technical Staff
Ten Laboratory researchers have been named Distinguished Members of Technical Staff (DMTS) for their extraordinary scientific and technical contributions to the Laboratory and its missions as acknowledged by their professional peers and the larger community. Jim Candy of the Engineering Directorate, John Castor of the Weapons and Complex Integration Principal Directorate,…
Lawrence Livermore partners with Native American carbon researchers to help support Marshallese resettlement
LIVERMORE, Calif. -- Researchers from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and a team of American Indian scientists and engineers have partnered to study the possible use of Black Earth technology, or Cpryo, to help mitigate the uptake of radiocesium in locally grown foods in the Marshall Islands. After World War II, the United States conducted 66 nuclear detonations…
Extreme summer temperatures occur more frequently
LIVERMORE, Calif. -- Extreme summer temperatures are already occurring more frequently in the United States, and will become normal by mid-century if the world continues on a business as usual schedule of emitting greenhouse gases. By analyzing observations and results obtained from climate models, a study led by Phil Duffy of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory…
Putting the squeeze on planets outside our solar system
LIVERMORE, Calif. -- Just as graphite can transform into diamond under high pressure, liquid magmas may similarly undergo major transformations at the pressures and temperatures that exist deep inside Earth-like planets. Using high-powered lasers, scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and collaborators discovered that molten magnesium silicate undergoes a…
